今年为何到处缺水？水去哪里了？质量守恒还靠的住吗？
相信今年的夏天大家都被晒成“热狗”一样，高温特别热，全国多个城市都说缺水干旱。
先是重庆嘉陵江，在8月中旬的时候，嘉陵江的水位明显降低，一些本来淹没在水中的地方裸露出来。嘉陵江上大面积的滩涂露出水面，有市民沿着滩涂走到了江心。根据官方实时的水情数据， 长江寸摊站和嘉陵江北碚站，今年水位比去年同期要低3米左右，接近历史同期最低。本来7、8月份是重庆的主汛期，但是今年的情况非常特殊，进入主汛期后，水位反而持续退落。 而专家给出的解释是最主要的原因就是长江及嘉陵江上游降雨明显偏少，上游来水减少。
再来看看江西的鄱阳湖，这是全国最大的淡水湖，而进入8月中，原本处于鄱阳湖中的千年石岛“落星墩”完全露出，周围的大面积湖床变成“草原”。此前在8月4日的时候，水利部就监测到江西鄱阳湖水位低于枯水位，创下1951年有记录以来最早进入枯水期的纪录。专家表示 6月下旬以来江西降雨量较同期偏少五成，鄱阳湖水位下降直接影响沿线居民饮用水。
再来看看杭州，昨天8月21日下午3点多，杭州富阳场口镇，一农户家中农田出现了缺水的情况，30多亩草莓苗快蔫了。打电话求助消防员，后来消防员给他们送来了水。可见当地也是非常的干旱。
类似高温干旱的地方还有很多，从东到西，从北到南，都有这现象，兰教授位于广东，这个夏天表示热呆了。
事实上，干旱少雨的不仅仅在中国，还有很多国外也是这情况。
北美洲的美国，美国东北部多州遭遇严重干旱，旱状况正在加重，纽约州、新泽西州、康涅狄格州、马萨诸塞州、罗德岛州、新罕布什尔州、缅因州都出现了“严重干旱”的地区，部分地区甚至遭遇“极度干旱”。纽约部分地区限制用水，纽约州罗克兰县实行强制性限制用水措施，包括只允许在指定日期给草坪浇水、非必要不得用水清洗街道路面、禁止餐厅主动为顾客提供饮用水、禁止使用不可回收式流动水喷泉或人工瀑布等。
再看看欧洲国家，荷兰，这个国家长期被洪水欺负，也靠水吃水，曾经的海上马车夫国家，到了今年夏天，荷兰再度遭遇史上罕见的极端干旱，内河、湖泊水位降至历史低点，严重影响农业、航运和自然生态。荷兰政府除了出台在部分地区限制农田灌溉措施之外，还呼吁民众节约用水，建议少洗车、少浇花、少洗浴……类似的旱情和缺水场景发生在欧洲大陆多个国家。
可见，全球很多国家都处于干旱少雨。这时我有一个问题来了，不是说好的质量守恒吗？怎么感觉不对劲了？水到底哪里去了？是什么原因打破了这个平衡？今年并没有看到哪个地区大规模的降雨，反而多是干旱极少下雨的情况。
各位，你觉得是什么原因导致今年降雨少？应该怎样破解这个缺少的难题？
Words
夏天 summer
干旱 dry
旱灾 drought; dry damage
水位比 water table ratio
Where’s the water
Why is there water shortage everywhere this year? Where’s the water? Is the conservation of mass reliable?
It is believed that this summer everyone will be sunburned like a “hot dog”. The high temperature is particularly hot, and many cities across the country say that they are short of water and dry.
First, the Jialing River in Chongqing. In the middle of August, the water level of the Jialing River was significantly lowered, and some places that were submerged in the water were exposed. A large area of tidal flat on the Jialing River is exposed to the water, and some citizens walk along the tidal flat to the center of the river. According to the official real-time water data, the water level of Cuntan station on the Yangtze River and Beibei station on the Jialing River this year is about 3 meters lower than that of the same period last year, close to the lowest in the same period in history. July and August were originally the main flood season in Chongqing, but this year’s situation is very special. After entering the main flood season, the water level continues to fall. The explanation given by experts is that the main reason is that the rainfall in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and Jialing River is obviously less, and the water from the upper reaches is reduced.
Take another look at Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province, which is the largest freshwater lake in China. In mid August, the Millennium Stone Island “luoxingdun” originally located in Poyang Lake was completely exposed, and the surrounding large area of lake bed became “Grassland”. Earlier, on August 4, the Ministry of water resources monitored that the water level of Poyang Lake in Jiangxi was lower than the dry water level, which set the record of the earliest dry season since records were made in 1951. Experts said that since the end of June, the rainfall in Jiangxi has been 50% less than that in the same period. The drop of water level in Poyang Lake has directly affected the drinking water of residents along the line.
Let’s take another look at Hangzhou. At around 3:00 p.m. yesterday, August 21, in Changkou Town, Fuyang, Hangzhou, a farmer’s farmland was short of water, and more than 30 acres of strawberry seedlings were wilting. I called the firemen for help. Later, the firemen brought them water. It can be seen that the local area is also very dry.
There are many places similar to high temperature and drought, from east to west, from north to south. Professor LAN is located in Guangdong, and this summer is hot.
In fact, it is not only in China that there is drought and little rain, but also in many foreign countries.
In the United States of North America, many states in the northeast of the United States are suffering from severe drought, and the drought situation is worsening. New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire and Maine have all experienced “severe drought”, and some regions have even experienced “extreme drought”. In some areas of New York, water use is restricted. Rockland County, New York, has implemented mandatory water restriction measures, including only allowing lawn watering on specified days, not using water to clean streets and pavements, forbidding restaurants to provide drinking water for customers, and forbidding the use of non recyclable flowing water fountains or artificial waterfalls.
Let’s take another look at the European countries, the Netherlands, which has been bullied by floods for a long time and is also dependent on water. In the summer of this year, the Netherlands, which used to be a country of carriage drivers at sea, again suffered from extreme drought rarely seen in history. The water level of inland rivers and lakes dropped to a historical low, seriously affecting agriculture, shipping and natural ecology. In addition to introducing measures to restrict farmland irrigation in some areas, the Dutch government also appealed to the public to save water, and suggested less car washing, less watering and less bathing… Similar drought and water shortage scenarios occurred in many countries in the European continent.
It can be seen that many countries in the world are in drought and lack of rain. At this time, I have a question. Isn’t it the good conservation of mass? What’s wrong with you? Where the hell is the water? What is the reason for breaking this balance? This year, we did not see any large-scale rainfall in any area, but mostly drought and little rain.
Ladies and gentlemen, what do you think is the reason for the low rainfall this year? How should we solve this problem?
